G-Codes & M-Codes of CNC

G-Codes & M-Codes of CNC

 'G' Codes & 'M' Codes (NC Words)

'N' or 'O' : Sequence Number. This is just a numerical way to keep the lines in proper sequence.

'G' : Preparatory function. This prepares the machine to perform a particular function.

'M' : Miscellaneous function. This can be used for a variety of operations, depending on the manufacturer or company.

'F' : Feed rate. This is the speed at which the tool will do its cutting.

'T' : Tool number. Each tool has a separate number, which can be called up as many times as needed. Tools do not need to be called up in sequential order.

'S' : Speed rate. This is the number of revolutions the tool will make each minute or rpm.

G-Codes:

          This is the preparatory function word, consists of the address character G followed by a two digit code number, known as G-code. The total number of these codes are 100, out of which some of important codes (for Lathe) are given as under with their functions.

G00 - Positioning at rapid speed

G01 - Linear interpolation (machining a straight line)

G02 - Circular interpolation clockwise (machining arcs)

G03 - Circular interpolation, counter clockwise (machining arcs)

G20 - Inch units

G21 - Metric units

G32 - Thread cutting

G90 - Absolute programming

G91 - Incremental programming

G98 - Per minute feed

G99 - Per revolution feed

M-Codes:

         It consists of character M followed by two digit numbers representing an auxiliary function such as Turning ON/OFF spindle, etc. These functions do not relate to dimensional movement of the machine. Some important codes are given under with their functions.

M00 - Program stop

M01 - Optional program stop

M02 - Program end

M03 - Spindle on clockwise

M04 - Spindle on counter clockwise

M05 - Spindle off

M06 – Tool change

M08 - Coolant on

M09 - Coolant off

M30 - Program end & return to start


 END 


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